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Belize News
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of Belize
A
to Z
Everything in Belize
Best
Hotels in Belize
Best
Restaurants in Belize
Tour
Guides, Transportation,
Maya Sites, Points
of Interest
Maps
of Belize
Belize District,
Cayo
District
Corozal District,
North Cayes,
Orange
Walk District, South
Cayes, Stann
Creek District, Toledo
District
Destination
Guide
North
Cayes
-
Getting
There
-
Ambergris
Caye
-
Caye
Caulker
-
Caye
Chapel
-
Lighthouse
Reef Atoll
-
Turneffe
Islands
-
Blue
Hole
-
Hol
Chan Marine Reserve
-
Blackbird
Caye
-
Dive
Sites of the North Cayes
-
St.
Goerge's Caye
-
Spanish
Caye Lookout
-
Resorts
in the North Cayes
-
Bacalar
Reserve
-
Marco
Gonzales Maya Site
-
Half
Moon Caye Reserve
-
Detail
Map of the North Cayes
South
Cayes
-
Getting
There
-
Laughing
Bird Caye
-
Silk
Cayes
-
Glover's
Atoll
-
Ranguana
Caye
-
Sapodilla
Cayes
-
Dive
Sites in the South Cayes
-
Resorts
and Lodging in the South Cayes
-
Detail
Map of the South Cayes
Belize
District
-
Belize
City
-
Burmudian
Landing
-
The
Belize Zoo
-
Crooked
Tree Wildlife Sanctuary
-
Altun
Ha Maya Site
-
Burrell
Boom
-
Ladyville
-
Philip
Goldson International Airport
-
Baron
Bliss Memorial
-
Lodging
in Belize City
-
Lodging
in the Belize District
-
Food
Services in Belize City
-
Food
Services in the Belize District
-
Northern
Highway
-
Western
Highway
-
Southern
Highway
-
The
Coastal Road
-
Transportation
in the Belize District
-
Detail
Map of the Belize District
Cayo
District
Corozal
District
-
Corozal
Town
-
Shipstern
National Reserve
-
Butterfly
Breeding Center
-
Cerros
Maya Site
-
Sarteneja
Peninsula
-
Santa
Rita Maya Site
-
The
New River
-
The
Rio Hondo River
-
Lodging
in Corozal Town
-
The
Northern Highway
-
North
to Chetamul Mexico
-
Crossing
the Border into Belize
-
Consejo
-
Detail
Map of Corozal District
Orange
Walk District
-
Orange
Walk Town
-
Lodging
in Orange Walk Town
-
Auguas
Turbias National Forest
-
Rio
Bravo Conservation Area
-
Northern
Highway
-
The
New River
-
Lamanai
Maya Site
-
Nohmul
Maya Site
-
Cuello
Maya Site
-
Gallon
Jug
-
Detail
Map of Orange Walk District
Stann
Creek District
-
How
to get there
-
Placencia
Peninsula
-
Placencia
Village
-
Dangriga
-
Big
Creek
-
Mango
Creek
-
Independence
Village
-
Southern
Highway
-
Lodging
in Stann Creek
-
Lodging
in Placencia Village
-
Maya
Beach
-
Seine
Bight
-
Cockscomb
Basin Wildlife Sanctuary
-
Jaguar
Preserve
-
Lodging
in Dangriga
-
The
Mayflower Compound
-
Victoria
Peak
-
The
Road to Placencia Village
-
The
Hummingbird Highway
-
Dive
operators in Placencia Village
-
Detail
Map of Stann Creek District
Toledo
District
-
How
to get there
-
Punta
Gorda
-
Monkey
River Town
-
Nim
Li Punit Maya Site
-
Lubaantun
Maya Site
-
Uxbenka
Maya Site
-
Lodging
in Punta Gorda
-
San
Antonio Town
-
Maya
Mountains
-
Southern
Highway
-
Machaca
Forest Reserve
-
Going
to Livingston Guatemala
-
Getting
to Honduras
-
Bladen
River Nature Preserve
-
Richardson
Peak
-
Detail
Map of Toledo District
|
SOUTH
TO TOLEDO
Toledo
is located deep in southern Belize. These remote locations
have the least amount of infrastructure. The Southern
highway is unpaved and in some places can hardly be listed as a
highway at all. Even so, the Toledo district has some of the
roughest and most pristine rain forest anywhere in Belize and
perhaps in all of Central America. This area to has become
the homeland of the restricted Mayan Civilization including two
groups; the Mopan Maya and the Kekchi. They live is
traditional thatched roof huts where there might be a single bed
and a few clay pots around a corner table. Most of the
cooking is done outside so each hut seems to have a little camp
site nearby. From north to south the small wooden and
thatched roof huts increase in number and in some cases it seems a
small village has sprung up near the roadside. The cultural
center of the southern Mopan Maya is San Antonio located in
central southern Toledo. "PG" as it is known
locally in Belize or Punta Gorda as it is referred to by tourist,
is the largest town in Toledo with a population of 6,230
people. Punta Gorda is the southern most town of any
population in Belize. It is also the capital town of the
state district Toledo. The area of Toledo has the slowest
growth rate of Belize, is the least populated region, and is
economically the most depressed area of the country. Yet the
people seem blissfully unaware, living lives of meager substance,
but always friendly and seem to be a happy.
Getting
to "PG" and around Toledo. A tiny airstrip
outside of Punta Gorda services the district and the township
which is the primary destination location in Toledo. The
Southern highway south out of the Stann Creek district becomes
difficult to travel and may be washed out and cutoff during the
rainy season, especially in October and November. Bus
service to the area does run once daily from Belize City through
Dangriga. The trip takes as long as 10 hours to complete
from Belize City and can be a grueling ride with many stops and
side road excursions. All other roads in Toledo are worse
and at certain times of the year will be impassable. A US$80
plane ticket from Belize City municipal or international is
recommended. Tour companies operated in Punta Gorda can
deliver to other destinations in the district safely.
Individual rental and self guided drive about tours of the
district are not recommended. In Punta Gorda, the ferry
leaves twice a week to Puerto Barrios in Guatemala or Puerto
Cortes in Honduras. On request you can make private
arrangements to be transported by boat to Livingston,
Guatemala. These three destinations and the ease of
arranging transportation in Punta Gorda at the port office there
is the primary reason for travelers to pick "PG" as a
destination in Belize.
Punta
Gorda is the lowlands base
camp for exploration of the southern Belizean highlands which
includes some of the most lush jungle areas anywhere in Central
America. In these jungles among the Maya Mountains are
several Maya Ruins, cave systems, nature reserves, and several
waterfalls. But Punta Gorda is at best only an outpost with
a few tourist services and places to visit. Along the coast
area, less rain is recorded than in the highlands of the district,
but Punta Gorda receives more rainfall than any other urban areas
in Belize; approximately 400 cm (160 inches) per year. You
can expect 200 days when measurable rain will fall on
"PG". Punta Gorda is only 5 blocks wide from
seawall to the airstrip access road that leaves town running
northeastward. But the town stretches out at the seas shore
for 25 blocks. The town is overgrown with lowlands grass and
jungle entangled trees. It seems when you visit there that
the town is being reclaimed by the rain forest. But the
people of Punta Gorda are the friendliest you will find in such an
outpost location in Belize and are always willing to help you find
a location or even personally escort you to your destination
without asking for money. Since the people of Punta Gorda
are only slightly better off economically than the out lying
communities in the Toledo, which are the poorest in Belize, tips
would be a generous gesture of thanks. The liveliest spot in
Punta Gorda is the port depot where twice a week the ferry boat
departs for nearby Guatemala or Honduras. If you want the
real jungles of Belize, you should select this remote area in the
far southern region called Punta Gorda, which includes several
hotels and restaurants. At the seafront is the cyber cafe
which does offer a single computer to access email or use as a
planning tool for trips to other locations. Farmers day is
on Wednesday of each week in which every household in Punta Gorda
stocks up on a weeks supply of vegetables, fruits, and
breads. Punta Gorda's main service is as a port town for
personal import and export of goods or even yourself from or
to Central America and as a base camp to begin a trip deeper into
the frontier of the Belizean highlands.
Expeditions
& Tours in Toledo all leave from Punta Gorda.
You can contact the Toledo Visitor's Information Center in Punta
Gorda to receive a list of local tour companies. One company
that is popular is the Toledo Institute for Development and
Environment (TIDE) who can be contacted by email at tide@btl.net.
A
nearby church to Punta Gorda is the Church of the Nazareth
run by the Pallotine Sisters. The church has a Spanish
look and fill and is Catholic in denomination.
Cerro
Hill located west of "PG" is a popular tourist
attraction near the town's water pump station. The trails
are well marked and the hike, though medium ranked in
difficulty, can be extra hard to complete during the wet
season. The hike along an old military trail lasts about
30 minutes and circles an area about 2 km (1.3 miles). The
hike includes a history lesson about the area and a lecture
about how difficult it was to live in a young Belize cutoff from
the world.
South
of Punta Gorda some 19 km (13 miles) is the Temash and
Sarstoon Delta Wildlife Sanctuary. It is a common
place to find out about the Gibnut, known in Belize as the royal
rat. The rodent is a favorite meal in Belize and has the
taste and consistency of roast. The foliage is incredibly
dense in these regions and the area supports a large colony of
the Blue Morpho butterfly.
Out
to sea are the unspoiled cayes of the Belize south waters.
This complex of cayes includes several small islands, some with
a single house or resort located at the center of a group of
palms with white crystal sand beahes. The resort of
Paradise Islands Resort managed in Placencia is very popular for
day trips of snorkeling. The absolute best beaches in
Belize are located among the several small islands that make up
the horseshoe shaped group of cayes called the Sapodilla
Cayes.
The
coastline of Toledo and the cayes located off the coast directly
east of Punta Gorda have gained a reputation as the best
fishing (both deep sea far to the east and local sea and river
fly fishing) spots in Belize. The visitor's center in
Punta Gorda can give you a list of local fishing guides and
arrange fishing expeditions for interested clients.
Bladen
River Nature Reserve is a area inaccessible during most of the
year. It is also the most pristinely preserved rain forest
areas in all of Belize. It is an unpopular destination due
to the difficulty of access, but for the hardcore adventurer the
Bladen can offer a massive number of rewards. This small
unknown area of Belize includes huge limestone regions, large
unexplored caves systems where you can discover your own personal
sight of possible Maya inhabitation, sinkholes of which many have
only been seen by over flights of the region but are too difficult
to reach by a hiking expedition, and several waterfalls spread out
among three of the largest water flow rivers in Belize. The
reserve also contains a large population of the Jaguar and over
200 listed species of bird making the sight a bird watchers
paradise. Also located within the boundaries of the Bladen
Reserve is a yet unexplored Maya Site called the Quebrada de Oro
meaning passageway fo gold. The reserve is run by the Belize
Audubon Society from which you must first get a permit to access
the reserve. The permit will only be granted if you have a
guide service reserved to give you a tour of the park. The
Bladen River Nature Reserve spans 37,000 hectares (92,000 acres)
and protects the the watershed to Monkey River, the largest water flow
in southern Belize.
Columbia
River Forest Reserve is located immediately adjacent to the
Bladen River Nature Reserve to the southwest and west of Punta
Gorda in the Belize highlands of the Maya Mountains. A cave
located within the park near the village of Esperanza opens up in
the earth like a huge mouth swallowing a river entirely. The
water runs some distance through the cave system exiting into
several smaller streams with waterfalls and small ponds. To
explore this park you also are required to have permits which are
checked by the reserves caretaker at the entrance. Access to
the reserve is difficult. This is no park for occasional
hikers or nature lovers. The remote and dense jungle zone is
for the serious adventurer with experience living in an outdoor
jungle setting and who is prepared to defend themselves against
possible large animals. You must have salt pills to survive
and have food and water purification systems. You can
arrange a survival tour in San Jose who also will arrange your
permit to access the reserve from the Belize Forestry
Department. This trek into the jungle at Columbia River
Forest Reserve is strenuous and has a difficulty rating at the
maximum level. Do not attempt this one unless you are well
prepared.
Monkey
River is the location of the once profitable banana
trade. Large plantations were located near the river north
to Big Creek in the Stann Creek district. Bananas were
trucked or moved to the rivers banks and offloaded onto large flat
barges and transported in open sunlight to waiting barge ships at
the mouth of the river which opens into the Caribbean Sea. Disaster
struck the banana plantations in the 1930s when a disease spread
rapidly through the plantations. Belize had to slash and
burn the fields to stop the disease. The river trade at
Monkey River dried up and the town of Monkey River which had grown
around the trade route suddenly lost its only livelihood.
The area became economically depressed and has never
recovered. Some tourism today has revived the little town
which does not have running water or electricity. A local
church and school serves the area and the Anglican church at
Placencia has a program to track the cemetery and help the local
towns people to cope and survive keeping the town a historical
site for travelers to stop for a traditional Belizean meal, to
visit small handicraft stores, and receive a historical lesson on
the area of the Monkey River Basin. Nature tours are
available up the river from Punta Gorda and Placencia daily.
The tour ends in a short walk through the jungle to identify
various species of trees and plants and see the howler monkey
families living in the jungle canopy. But caution, the mosquitoes
are very thick in the damp and dense jungle area. Bring repellent
with you and use a doggy bush (a branch of a plant) to slap away
the insects. Tours typically cost about US$60 and last from
about 9 am until 3 or 4 pm in the afternoon. Bring sun
lotion also and your camera as well as binoculars. The
animal life along the river will excite you if you have never made
such a trip up a wild untamed jungle river before.
The
southern Maya built their temples in low long house type
structures rather than tall like those ceremonial sites found at
Lamanai and Caracol. There are currently three major sites
that have been excavated with many more, some of which have only
been discovered but not yet even approached by modern
archeologist.
Nim
Li Punit (BIG HAT) in the far southern region of
Belize in the district of Toledo, is one of three major
sites. Located near the southern highway, Nim Li Punit offers a
different view of Mayan architecture and lifestyle. The site
contains three main plazas with one structure rising to a height
of 12.2 meters (40 ft). Here, the Maya built low structures that
run along the plaza floor over 60 meters (200 ft) long and
construct major ceremonial temples using dry masonry.
Nim Li Punit is relatively young and dates back to the Middle
Classic Period (400 to 700 AD). Architecture dramatically
deviates from the traditional building structures of older sites
far to the north. This may have been due to climate or was a
purposeful outpost deviation. Far from the command and control
centers of the Mayan Empire, they may have chosen to experiment
with different techniques and materials. Large numbers of
unfinished stelae were found here. One of the stelae depicts a
Mayan warlord and his family, showing the use of Copan incense;
a tradition used by the Maya primarily in the southern regions
of Belize today.
The jungle still holds many secrets of this site. Scientists of
today debate whether this site should be classified as a full
Maya site or if this was a funerary site to Lubaantun. Since its
discovery in 1976, only minor excavation has been conducted.
This Middle Classic Period site has much to teach us about the
Maya of the far southern regions. The Maya of Nim Li Punit lived
within the traditional Mayan civil structure and obviously
interacted with those from the north, but yet show interesting
deviations and cultural changes of the later periods and a
perspective of the southern Maya.
Located just to the west of the southern highway, access to the
site is not difficult. A welcome center has been built at the
site showing a history of the discovery and excavation. Tours
are available from Punta Gorda, Dangriga, the Placencia
Peninsula, and by arrangement in Belize City. The individual
explorer can arrive close to the entrance to the site by bus and
hike the balance of the trip. Limited facilities are available
at the welcome center. The view from the site combined with
locality to near by traditional Mayan villages gives the
traveler a feeling of return to the age of Maya.
Lubaantun
(PLACE OF FALLEN ROCKS) is another of the southern
region sites that used the dry masonry for construction. The
location of this site is remote; located west of the southern
highway near San Pedro Colombia, the second largest Mayan
village in the Toledo district, and only 8 km (5 miles) north of
San Antonio village. Punta Gorda is 32 km (20 miles) to the
southeast. This site shows another deviation in structure. The
city is laid out in concentrate circles with the major
ceremonial areas at the center surrounded by a circle of civic,
political, and elite residences. The outer circle is comprised
of general residences.
Lubaantun shows an extension to the south with its stone cut dry
masonry structures, use of Copan incense, and low flat
architecture. A well-connected political structure and trade
route to the north, west, and east can be identified. The site
is practically void of any carvings and almost no stelae
monuments were found. This supports scientific research that Nim
Li Punit was a funerary of Lubaantun with all the ceremonial
structures of Lubaantun located at Nim Li Punit. Perishable
structures atop the flatten mounds probably contained most of
the carvings and thus are lost. A sudden population growth is
noted at the site during the Late Classic Period (250 to 700 AD)
and it is believed that Lubaantun became the capital of the
regional state. The site was also a distribution center,
bringing maize and fish to a central location then distributing
the goods to residential areas in the surrounding region. Also,
deep-water fish bones are found in concentration at the site
supporting the distribution idea. Evidence from other sites
point to Lubaantun as the trade location of the cacao bean, the
barter money of the Maya. It is believed that many things were
brought south to Lubaantun from the north for trade of the cacao
bean such as volcanic glass rock and jade. Copan was also
produced here in large quantity.
Lubaantun can be accessed several ways according to the brave
heart of the explorer. To reach the main entrance requires a 2.4
km (1.5 mile) hike down the public pathway. A shorter reach for
the site is to cross the Colombia River at San Pedro Colombia
and hike a short distance to the sites ceremonial center. Access
to the region can be arranged by tour at Punta Gorda. Dangriga,
Belize City, and Placencia Peninsula also offer overnight trips
to the site, but the closest accommodations would be in San
Antonio. Restrooms and a picnic area are located near the center
of the site but no water facilities are available. A trip to
Lubaantun is not complete without a trip to Nim Li Punit. It is
recommended that one arrange a tour of both sites with a local
tour operator of which the best are sponsored from Punta Gorda.
A visitor center is located at the site.
Named
OLD PLACE, Uxbenka is located 5 kilometers (3
miles) from San Antonio village and only half a km (.33 miles)
from Santa Cruz in the deep southern areas of the Toledo
district of Belize. In southern Maya tradition, the site is
located on a ridge overlooking the flatlands area of Toledo and
lose stone construction is used to erect their temples. Uxbenka
is minor in ceremonial significance but its position at the foot
of the great Maya Mountains and relative close proximity to San
Antonio village makes the site an attractive tourist spot.
At Uxbenka, more than twenty (20) stelae were found of which six
(6) are carved and finished. One of the stelae dates to the
Early Classic Period meaning that Uxbenka is the oldest Maya
site in southern Belize. It also contains one of the oldest
stelae known to exist in the Mayan Empire. The suggestion that
Uxbenka is the birthplace of the practice of marking Mayan
Lordships with stelae is unproven and considered radical
misknowledge. More evidence is required to adopt this point of
view. Salvage excavation continues at Uxbenka. Additional
funding is needed and a certified excavation program will be
required to fully expose this site. Due to its age and location
in southern Belize, this site above others in the southern
region offers the most to explain how the Maya lived, worshiped,
and developed a civilization of a different tradition than sites
located to the north.
Uxbenka should be a must see on anyones agenda who is
traveling to Belize to learn more about the Mayan Empire.
Without the understanding of how the southern Maya developed
traditions different than the Maya of the north, a picture of
the Mayan Empire is incomplete. Overnight accommodations are
available in San Antonio village and the best tours of
Uxbenka originate in Punta Gorda. For independent explorers,
access to the site should begin in Santa Cruz, which is serviced
by bus 3 days a week from Belize City and Dangriga. A short hike
will deliver you to the entrance of the site. An explorer should
take all necessary supplies including water, food, and comfort
items. There are no accommodations at the site and overnight
stays are not allowed. Remember, Uxbenka is not yet a mature
site but the insight it offers is beyond compare to any other in
southern Belize.
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